Comparison between The Yellow Wallpaper and A Rose for Emily

Barbara Angelis stated â€Å"Women need real moments of solitude and self-reflection to balance out how much of ourselves we give away† (Angelis, BrainyQuote). This statement reflects the theme of isolation and how one can truly understand themselves through self-reflection and time spent in loneliness. In the short stories, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, both female protagonists, experience a time of seclusion leading to self- realization. Hence, both of these pieces of literature illustrate the troubles of women in a male-dominated society. As a result, both characters experience oppression by overbearing male influences and are physically and emotionally†¦show more content†¦Thus, he treats her like a child and â€Å"laughs at [her]†¦ † and calls her a â€Å"‘...little girl’† (Gilman 90, 94). For these two female characters in à ¢â‚¬Å"A Rose for Emily† and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, their struggles are a direct result of male dominance, and their coping mechanism escorts them away from the world that devalues them. Their escape from the current world is directly from their feelings of repression which leads to them to be physically isolated. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Emily spent all her time shut inside her house, which is symbol of her downgrading physical condition. Other than her changing appearance, the townspeople’s attitude also alters after her father’s death and they treat her as a tradition, a duty and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town (Faulkner, 139). Besides her father’s disapproving outlook of Emily’s marriage, the community also disagree with the idea of Emily having someone new in her life. They describe her relationship with Homer as â€Å"a disgrace to the town and a bad example to the young people† (144). Her aby smal relationship with the community, her father and Homer limits her growth as a person and prevents her from future interactions with the people around her. Correspondingly, the narrator from â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is confined in a room in an isolated country estate. Additionally, she is forbidden to engage in a normal conversation and her physical isolation is partially designed to remove her from the possibilityShow MoreRelatedIsolation in â€Å"a Rose for Emily† and â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper†1222 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman are two well written short stories that entail both similarities and differences. Both short stories were written in the late 1800’s early 1900’s and depict the era when women were viewed less important than men. The protagonist in each story is a woman, who is confined in solitary due to the men in their lives. The narrator in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is the mutual voice of the townspeople of Jefferson, whileRead MoreComparison and Contrast of the Yellow Wallpaper and the Rose for Emily1078 Words   |  5 PagesParis Claypool Eng 120 Essay 1 06/12/2010 A Rose for Emily and The Yellow Wallpaper â€Å"A Rose for Emily’’ By William Faulkner and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman,† are two short stories that both incorporate qualities of similarities and difference. Both of the short stories are about how and why these women changed for lunacy. These women are forced into solitude because of the fact that they are women. Emily’s fatherRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, And William Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1340 Words   |  6 Pagesinternal struggle women goes through are Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† and William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily.† The two protagonist from these short stories, the unnamed narrator and Emily, display symptoms of â€Å"hysteria† because they experience conflicts between their individual desires and social influences that either repress their feelings or displace their feelings. The unnamed narrator in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† symbolizes the majority of women by showing what they endured inRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner And The Yellowpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1945 Words   |  8 Pages losing their sanity. An example in literature that displays this type of structure of society where women can become victims of patriarchal conditions takes place in the short stories â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Yellowpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Both women, the main character Emily Grierson from Faulkner’s story and the narrator from Gilman’s story, though they have different circumstances, are similar in a unique way as they are both held back by the male figures inRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesresolved is one within the protagonist’s psyche or personality. External conflict may reflect a basic opposition between man and na ture (such as in Jack London’s famous short story â€Å"To Build a Fire† or Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†) or between man and society (as in Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Man Who Was Almost a Man†). It may also take the form of an opposition between man and man (between the protagonist and a human adversary, the antagonist), as, for example, in most detective fiction. Internal

Law Enforcement Should Deter Racial Injustice - 1341 Words

Communities of color are portrayed as drug handlers when in actuality there is an estimate of about 80 million Caucasian drug users compared to 15 million African American users according to the Substance of Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Fellner 3). Although opposing arguments would argue that the white population is six times greater than the black population, the absolute number of white drug offenders is far greater than that of black drug offenders (Fellner 6). But, with racial dynamics and social media’s part in shaping of what a drug offender would appear like, most would not picture a white middle-class man snorting cocaine. Because of this, â€Å"race has been and remains inextricably involved in drug law†¦show more content†¦The centerpiece of this public relations campaign was a new rhetorical strategy that sought to demonize drugs and ostracize drug users. Presidents Bush and Clinton continued the Reagan administration s anti-drug polici es. President Bush established a national office of drug policy, appointed a drug czar, increased anti-drug spending and intensified drug law enforcement efforts (Beckett 9). President Clinton, for his part, increased the anti-drug budget by twenty-five percent, proposed expanded drug testing rules and intensified efforts toward drug interdiction and prosecution (McCabe 4). No matter who has occupied the executive branch, the United States has pursued the same overall policies throughout the drug war. Anti-drug policies can be separated into two general camps, supply-reduction and demand-reduction’ (McCabe 5). Supply-reduction strategies seek to reduce the availability of drugs by limiting access to drug sources and increasing the risks of drug possession and distribution. Demand-reduction strategies, on the other hand, seek to reduce demand for illegal drugs through drug use prevention and treatment. The rhetoric of war helped shape the strategies that were used to combat the perceived drug threat. The Reagan administration embraced a supply-reduction strategy focusing on interdiction, seizure and criminal prosecution, rather

Demography and Bioethics Free Essays

Demography is the statistical study of human populations. It can be a very general science that can be applied to any kind of dynamic human population, that is, one that changes over time or space. Populations can change through three processes: fertility, mortality, and migration. We will write a custom essay sample on Demography and Bioethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fertility involves the number of children that women have and is to be contrasted with fecundity Bioethics is the study of moral issues in fields of medical treatment and research, brought about by advances in biology and medicine. Bioethicists are concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, and philosophy. Overpopulation is too many people in one space, is a condition where an organism’s numbers exceed the carrying capacity of its habitat. Once we recognize the fact that overpopulation is a problem and that increasing standards of living around the world will add to our resource-use and pollution-management challenges, it’s tempting to start thinking that disease, poverty, and premature death are unfortunate but necessary. We must resist any such temptation and work toward better solutions. We should: * continue to strive to reduce suffering by combating disease and poverty around the world; * continue to improve resource efficiency and pollution control so that standards of living can rise without negative impact; and * Keep human population to numbers that are sustainable. On the population front, that means: * making sure people around the world have access to family planning services; * empowering women in developing countries economically, socially, and legally in a manner that results in them having an equal say (with their husbands) in reproductive decisions; * modifying school curricula to include information on population levels and implications for the future; * Reforming tax laws in a way that encourages couples to have no more than two children. (They would still be able to have as many kids as they want, but the tax code would no longer subsidize more than two.) People are a good thing, but population growth without limit is not. The US and all developed countries should reinvigorate their international efforts to slow population growth. The future of the world depends on it! How to cite Demography and Bioethics, Essay examples

Customer Relationship of E-Commerce Companies-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Customer Relationship Management Strategy of E-Commerce Companies. Answer: Introduction The Amazon Company is one of the largest and the first e-commerce company in the world with its base in Seattle. The company started to market the products through the internet in the year 1995 and was one of the biggest companies at that point of time. The company also has subsidiaries, which are Alexa Internet and IMDB. The company also offers various types of new, used and refurbished products (Amazon.com, 2017). The company is famous for its bookstores, as it provides various kinds of book items, which caters to the different kinds of customers on a global basis. The company employs more than 1600 people, which helps in satisfying the customers globally. The primary mission of the company is to orient themselves for the customers so that they can provide them maximum satisfaction by providing the products. The company has a high level of customer loyalty, which can be measured through the various factors such as hesitation of the customers in changing the company and the prompt action of the customers to purchase the products from their portal (Kantor and Stritfeld 2015). Customer Relationship The combination of the hardware and software along with the commitment in improving the services for the customers so that they can be retained within the company. This process is known as Customer Relationship Management (CRM). This process helps in managing the relationship between the company and the customers so that the mutual exchange of the products and services will help in maximizing the profits of the company (Hollensen 2015). The buildup of strong relationships with the customers helps the companies to be successful, as it helps them in providing the goods and services according to the tastes and preferences of the customers. The building of relationships with the customers is important for the company, as it helps them in determining the prices and the quality of the products and services (Khodakarami and Chan 2014). Objective of the project The objective of the project would be to analyze the various strategies that have been adopted by the e-commerce giant, Amazon, which has helped them in maintaining the relationship with its customers. These strategies have helped them in growing as an international brand and will be compared with another company, Alibaba, which has failed to adopt these strategies. Scope of the project The study will help in gaining a better insight about the strategies that needs to be adopted by the e-commerce companies so that they can maintain an effective relationship with the customers. Literature review Relationship marketing According to Choudhury and Harrigan (2014), this type of marketing helps the companies in maintaining a better relationship with the customers so that the organizations can have a better understanding of the needs and preferences of the customers. The companies need to maintain a long-term relationship with the customers, which need to be based on better quality of the products and the innovation that is taking place on a constant manner. The relationship marketing plays an important role for the companies so that they can be focused and offers best quality products and services to the customers. Setting a destination Amazon is known to set its goals and objectives in a better manner so that they can maintain the relationship with the customers in an efficient manner. Amazon, on the first place uses Customer Relationship Management in identifying the short-term objectives so that the long-term goals of the company can be met. The company simplifies the goals so that they can be achieved in an efficient manner and even keeping place for flexibility (Navimipour and Soltani 2016). Alibaba, on the other hand does not break down the objectives in a simple way, which can be achievable within a short span of time. The complexity of the objectives that are being set within the organization has made it impossible for the company to reach out to its customers in a proper manner. Customer Priority It is necessary for all companies to treat their customers in an equal manner. Amazon is successful due to the fact that they treat their customers equally. This has led to the belief that the customers never change their platforms that have been benefitted by this company. The company makes it a point to provide the customers with the products that they have ordered along with the option of exchanging it if they do not like the product. The customers can exchange the product within the stipulated time in a hassle-free manner, which has helped the company in earning goodwill in the competitive market (Tseng and Wu 2014). These things need to be kept in mind by the Alibaba group as well if they want to manage the customers in a better manner. The company has a provision of exchanging the products, if the customers do not like them but the process is long, as they do not have enough labor in carrying out the processes. The exchange policy that the company offers is within a fixed number of days and the process is long. This has led to the customers in shifting their platforms, as they have lost their faith in the company (Holal et al. 2014). Communication with employees According to Stein, Smith and Lancioni (2013), the Amazon company tries to maintain healthy relationship with its employees so that their morale can be boosted up, which will help in serving the customers in an efficient manner. The employees will be the persons who will meet with the customers while delivering or exchanging the products. The company needs to communicate with the employees so that they can provide the feedbacks of the customers to the company directly in a proper manner. This will help the company in serving the customers in a better manner. The employees of the company are also given the freedom to formulate new policies that may help in increasing the profitability of the firm. The authors Goetsch and Davis (2014) stated that the communication pattern in Alibaba group is hierarchical in nature. The upper management makes all the decisions that need to be followed by the employees, which causes problems within the organization. The feedbacks that are provided by the employees are not taken in to account by the company, which has created a negative impact within the company. Changes in the system According to Wijenayaka, Perera and Sanjeewa (2015), Amazon is always on the lookout in trying to innovate their systems on a constant manner so that they can deliver ultimate satisfaction to the customers. This helps them in adapting to the changes and follows the latest trends that will help the company in maximizing its profits and satisfy the consumers. If any new changes are bought within the organization, the management sees that the changes affect the company in a positive manner so that the employees can manage the systems in an efficient way. The other company that is Alibaba follows a traditional approach and does not implement the new technologies that will help them in managing the work in an organized manner. This has led to chaos within the organization, as the employees are unaware of the new changes that may help them in serving the company in an efficient manner and provide valuable feedbacks to the management that they will receive from the customers. Linking with CRM According to Armstrong et al. (2014), the primary motto of Amazon is to satisfy the customers by giving them the maximum satisfaction when they purchase the products or services that are being offered by the company. the company makes it a point to inform their stakeholders whenever there is a new change that has been adopted within the organization. This helps them in maintaining a relationship that is free flowing with the customers. The appointments with the clients are done by setting reminders so that the company can spend time with them and receive feedbacks, which will help them in changing the policies so that it can operate in a better way. Alibaba, on the other hand focuses mainly on increasing its profits by selling more number of products. This has left no growth strategies with respect to adopting new changes within their system. The employees are not motivated in providing better feedbacks to the company regarding the complaints of the customers so that they can be served in a better way. The necessary information about the products are not communicated properly to the stakeholders, which has resulted in a lack of interest from their perspective. Tracking the customers According to Wynn et al. (2016), to maintain a healthy customer relationship, Amazon tries to keep a track of the customers when they shop from their company for the first time. The customers receive various types of information on their phones and mails, which helps them in receiving updates on a constant manner. This helps the consumers in getting the valuable information regarding the offers and discounts that are given by the company. The customers are also able to provide valuable feedbacks to the company through phones and via emails. Alibaba, on the other hand tries to help its customers by providing information to the customers after they have shopped from them for the first time but the information that the company provides to them is vague in nature. The customers have pointed out that there are hidden costs in it, which they have to bear after the purchase has been done. This has led to the trust issue of the customers with the company and most of them are shifting their platforms to other online shopping portals (Lal and Bharadwaj 2015). Improving after evaluating Payne and Frow (2013) stated that Amazon tries to improve its relation with the customers after evaluating the methods, which would help in serving the customers in a better way. This helps the company to change its goals and objectives from time to time, as it tries to deliver the best services to the customers. This helps the company in identifying its weaknesses that may cause hindrances in building better relationship with the customers. The other company that is Alibaba does not use the process of evaluating their methods, as the primary aim of the company is to gain profits, which will help them to grow in numbers. This has caused problems within the internal structure of the organization, which has led to a conflict among the employees. The scope of improvement within the company is less, which is why the employees are opting out of the organization. Recommendations It is seen that the Amazon Company is serving in a proper manner and is maintaining the responsibilities with respect to the relationships with the customers. The feedbacks of the customers are taken in to account by the company, which has helped them in improving their services. The adoption of new strategies by the company will help the company in performing better within the competitive market so that they can have a competitive advantage over the rival firms such as eBay. The company needs to use an updated method so that they can track their customers after they place the first order. This will help the company in following the purchasing patterns of the customers, which in turn will help the company by providing them with the choice of goods and items that the customers may be interested in buying. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the Alibaba group needs to use better methods in tackling the customers so that it can help in building relationship with them. Amazon on the other hand, has used these techniques in a skillful manner, which has helped them in maintaining relationships with the customers. The use of the modern methods and applications has been beneficial for the company in gaining a better understanding of the relationship process that can exist with the customers. Reference List Amazon.com. 2017.Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs more. [online] Available at: https://www.amazon.com/ [Accessed 16 Aug. 2017]. Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Choudhury, M.M. and Harrigan, P., 2014. CRM to social CRM: the integration of new technologies into customer relationship management.Journal of Strategic Marketing,22(2), pp.149-176. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Holal, S.K., Choudhuri, C., Kamath, A.N. and Sahu, M.K., Talisma Corporation Private Ltd., 2014.Unified view of short message service (SMS) interaction history with other channel messages based on case identifier in a customer relationship management (CRM) application. U.S. Patent 8,660,590. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kantor, J. and Streitfeld, D., 2015. Inside Amazon: Wrestling big ideas in a bruising workplace.New York Times,15, pp.74-80. Khodakarami, F. and Chan, Y.E., 2014. Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation.Information Management,51(1), pp.27-42. Lal, P. and Bharadwaj, S.S., 2015. Assessing the performance of cloud-based customer relationship management systems.Skyline Business Journal,11(1), pp.89-101. Mohammed, A.A., Rashid, B.B. and Tahir, S.B., 2014. Customer relationship management (CRM) Technology and organization performance: is marketing capability a missing link? an empirical study in the malaysian hotel industry.Asian Social Science,10(9), p.197. Navimipour, N.J. and Soltani, Z., 2016. The impact of cost, technology acceptance and employees' satisfaction on the effectiveness of the electronic customer relationship management systems.Computers in Human Behavior,55, pp.1052-1066. Payne, A. and Frow, P., 2013.Strategic customer management: Integrating relationship marketing and CRM. Cambridge University Press. Stein, A.D., Smith, M.F. and Lancioni, R.A., 2013. The development and diffusion of customer relationship management (CRM) intelligence in business-to-business environments.Industrial Marketing Management,42(6), pp.855-861. Tseng, S.M. and Wu, P.H., 2014. The impact of customer knowledge and customer relationship management on service quality.International journal of quality and service sciences,6(1), pp.77-96. Wijenayaka, H.M.D.S., Perera, D.A.M. and Sanjeewa, W.S., 2015. Assessing Customer Relationship Management Strategies for Creating Customer Loyalty in Insurance Industry.Management, Social Sciences and Humanities, p.204. Wynn, M., Turner, P., Banik, A. and Duckworth, G., 2016. The impact of customer relationship management systems in small business enterprises.Strategic Change,25(6), pp.659-674.

Are Electro-Acoustics and the Vernacular the Largets Developments in 20th Century Music Essay Example

Are Electro-Acoustics and the Vernacular the Largets Developments in 20th Century Music? Essay EAMMON MSETFI Contextual studies (MU314) Convenor: Tim Howle Essay 1 Denis Smalley has suggested that the two most important musical developments in the 20th Century are the domains of the electro-acoustic and the vernacular. To what extent is his assumption correct? This piece will demonstrate an understanding of the developments in 20th century music, with a detailed view on the path and expansion of electro-acoustic technology and of the vernacular. This will also be highlighting the theoretical ideas that made these large developments possible and the technological innovations that created the foundations for both these areas. Total serialism After composers, Wagner and Brahms, who stretched the boundaries of tonality to breaking point (Wagner notably in, Tristan Isolde, 1857), composers wanted to experiment with new ideas. Schoenberg was the first composer to approach composition with a completely new approach, not with typical tonality but with a ‘serial method’; this was later known as ‘12 tone’ music (all 12 tones of the chromatic scale are arranged in a fixed sequence know as a ‘tone row’, all 12 tones must be used in order for the piece to progress). Webern was soon to follow Schoenberg and became a pupil of his; he soon adopted his 12-tone method and found his own individuality within the domain. For Webern this meant a focused contrapuntal style in which every element formed complex connections, with every tone having an equal importance. Although Schoenberg consciously created the method, his connection with the tonal world was never cut. On the contrary, Webern gazed openly into the future. Early Webern pieces (prior 12-tone) it is clearly apparent the influence of Schoenberg, notably Op10 (1911-1913), where he xploited his mentors use of klangfarbenmelodie (tone-colour melody), which involved splitting a melody between multiple instruments, rather than allocating it to just one instrument, as a result, adding colour (timbre) and texture to the melodic line; the use of this method can also be seen in, Five piece string quartet (1909), The four pieces for violin piano (1910) and The six bagatelles for string quartet (1911-191 3). Schoenberg created ‘12 tone’ to control pitch, Webern extended the method to determine, dynamics, tone colour and rhythm; this was later entitled ‘total serialism’. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Electro-Acoustics and the Vernacular the Largets Developments in 20th Century Music? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Are Electro-Acoustics and the Vernacular the Largets Developments in 20th Century Music? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Are Electro-Acoustics and the Vernacular the Largets Developments in 20th Century Music? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As an alternative of using notes to generate a melody, he used them to create a colour. Webern’s melodic lines are atomized into two or three note fragments which are presented in frequently changing tone colour and register, this idea is used in modern vernacular music, many modern jazz musicians use his ideas on tone colouration as well as many electronic composers to this day. The mathematical similarities in Webern’s ‘total serialism’ helped the progression of electronic music and synthesized music. Many of Webern’s followers tried to extend the idea of ‘tone colour’ and the 12-tone technique to electronic music, notably Stockhausen who was greatly influenced by Webern’s serial technique. How Stockhausen’s influenced an electronic generation. Stockhausen began studying under Messaian with the influence of serialism, early pieces the influence can be seen from both, his mentor and Webern, notably in Kreuzspiel (1951), and Spiel (1952); the opening of Klavierstucke (1952) also began with firm serial principles. Stockhausen’s progression into electronic music began with his examination of acoustical sound, always committed to reconstructing sound synthetically by means of electro-acoustic equipment. Schaeffer allowed Stockhausen to work within the music concrete group in Paris, where he mainly recorded acoustical sounds then analysed them. After this analysis he discovered the relations of vibrations within sound, this innovation lead him to the idea of synthesized sound. After working with Schaefer his idea was not to emulate acoustic sound, but to realize the new potential of synthetic production, as a result, a completely new array of timbres can be constructed; this was not conceivable with traditional acoustic instruments. Herbert Eimert stated in his classification of notes, â€Å"the pure tone (sine-wave tone), free of overtones, which never appears in traditional music (or nature). It issues from the electronic production of sound. The sinusoidal tone system must therefore simply be a system of virtual relationship, from which a composer can create structures in the form of series, relationships, rows and other forms of organization† (P. 122 Karl H. Worner, 1973). Stockhausen’s first electronic compositions, Studie 1 (1953) being the first piece to be composed primarily with sinusoidal waves, utilizing an sine-wave generator he was able to construct complex timbres in mathematical series (the influence of integral serialism can be seen most here). This early experiment of what we now know as, additive synthesis was extremely influential to electronic and synthesized music. Studie 2 (1954) was very similar but the spectra of pure tones were radiated into a resonance chamber and re-recorded. The original sine waves were distorted to generate a similarity to noise occurrences. The piece Gesang der junglinge (1955) was the first piece to combine music concrete with electronic music. Stockhausen practised in this what we now would consider, subtractive synthesis. With the use of noise generators a full frequency spectrum can be achieved, for example white noise. The frequency bands can be filtered to produce a single band of frequency or even a single note, if precisely done. Stockhausen demanded that â€Å"electronic music should really be electronic music; its character is not to be found in imitating what already exists, but in lending itself to the discovery of completely new processes and facilitating their technical realization, so that with them can be achieved a synthesis of utterly new and unknown timbres† (P. 30 Karl H. Worner 1973). Stockhausen was a critic of popular music and its dependence on repetition, which he thought, was very predictably, although his work became very influential for popular musicians. His technique was most influential on popular musicians; he was amongst the first to implicate sampling and synthesized sound to compositions, the influence can be seen in Pop, rock and jazz in the 1960s notably on the Beatles Sgt Peppers (1967) album where an extensive use of magnetic tape sampling and tape delays were used. Many popular musicians have credited Stockhausen, his use of sampling and synthesized sound inspired a generation of popular music, where his techniques have developed. How Post-war recording technologies gave birth to electro-acoustic technology and popular music During the war, a mass demand for technology was created, Eric Hobsbawm describes this period as a â€Å"technological earthquake† (P. 41 Timothy D. Taylor, 2001); this necessity for communications technology was vital for the war effort. Throughout this period the Germans created Magnetic tape to send coded messages, as well as to record radio broadcasts (this was later used extensively in early electro-acoustic compositions). After the Americans seized the magnetic tape technology, it was developed with higher fidelity to be used in film and radio. Reproduction technologies had an impact on the evolution of electro-acoustic equipment. Schaeffer’s piece Etude aux Chemins (1948) was one of the first electronic compositions of the 20th century, which became very influential to modern day sampling. Corporations responsible for the creation of musical instruments in early 20th century had â€Å"no vocation for economic suicide† (p. 7 Simon Emmerson, 1986), this led to them only adjusting existing instruments, therefore it was not viable for the creation of new inventions; it was not in their best interests. â€Å"Our civilization sees itself too smugly in the mirror of history; it is no longer creating the needs which would make renewal an economic necessity† (P. 7 Simon Emmerson, 1986). h The first half of the 20 century saw considerable progression within the domains of sound reproduction tools and the sizeable escalation of the recording industries; this developed electronic technology and in turn, developed new styles of vernacular music. This technological innovation laid the foundations for new vernacular music such genres as rock, hip-hop, etc. Due to this development, where the existence relied on electronics to produce the sound, musicians started to embra ce technology. This combination of science and music started to form a complex connection. Prior to first commercially available synthesizer, created by Robert moog, much electronic works were very much based in academia and research facilities (due to sheer size and cost), this soon lead to a shift in musical culture. The synthesizer produced sound by â€Å"vibrating objects that are positioned close to one or more electrical coils, in between a light source and a photoelectric cell or in direct contact with a piezoelectric crystal† (P. 47 Hans-Joachim Braun, 2002); this creation gave composers endless opportunities from complex timbres to the imitation of acoustical instruments. It spread from being a specialist’s use to common use in many new style of music (as can be soon today with the thousands of bedroom studies, etc. ), this was due to the drop in price of the transistor in the 1960s. This revolutionized music, many popular musicians soon adopted the creation of the synthesizer, there generally wasn’t a ‘pop’ composition that didn’t contain some sort of electronic synthesizer in the 1980s; the Moog’s use can be seen in the production of Diana Ross and the rolling stones. It is my personal feeling that recording technology was one of the largest developments of the 20th century; it provided the foundation for electro-acoustic technology, this new found knowledge also allowed the spread of diverse cultures to different places in the world and created new vernacular music. The development of popular music Some popular music was designed to appeal to a mass market, and a number of them were supposed to be very catchy and memorable. With the advent of recording technologies and radio of early 20th century, music could be shared with the masses, and all economic backgrounds. In 1948 the first mass produced electric guitar was released. With the advent of the electric guitar came the creation rock and roll, (which heavily relied upon an electrical source) a mixture of rhythm and blues this new music hit the market, appealing to a mass audience; â€Å"To produce sound, an electric guitar senses the vibrations of the strings electronically and routes an electronic signal to an amplifier and speaker. The sensing occurs in a magnetic pickup mounted under the strings on the guitars body† (P1 Marshall Brain ). This new development gave musicians more flexibility to affect the timbre of the instrument, with such electro-acoustic modules such as fuzz wah pedals and reverb. This change allowed musicians to have more control over their sound and how it was modulated, and consequently revolutionized music. The development of electronic equipment had great effect on music, the invention of these instruments developed a new popular market; it created a non-classical vernacular music which was aimed not at just a select demographic but a widespread audience. 950s saw the creation of the first ever ‘pop’ music charts; this saw Elvis become one of the first popular global sensations. The 1960s saw the Beatles became global, heavily influenced by such electro-acoustic composers as Stockhausen, set a popular music standard of writing their own lyrics and songs. Before the Beatles many pop artists were manufactured as a face instead of raw talent, (this is now becoming more apparent in 21s t century music). The creation of transistor radios helped expand popular music, an individual now could listen to the radio and their favourite songs anywhere. With the arrival of samplers a new style of popular music was created, hip-hop was the first genre to be made with the skill of sampling, using prior popular music styles such as jazz and funk as influence, this technique was created by Stockhausen and Schaefer but with the advent of the sampler, was developed to be used in the common home. The advent of Music channels such as MTV had great influence on the promotion of popular music, giving the artist great visual appeal to the demographic. Popular music takes many influences from several genres, jazz, gospel, classical etc. ut the technological growth excelled the development of what we now as mainstream music. Conclusion To conclude, Webern’s method of total serialism had great impact on the development of electro-acoustic equipment; his ideas of tone coloration were used in the development of electronic and synthesized music, which in turn developed new vernacular music. Stockhausen with the inspiration of total serialism, influenced a whole new generation of electronic music, his use of synthesized sounds and early forms of additive and subtractive synthesis shaped the electronic music era. All of the technological and theoretical innovations in the 20th century music helped develop electro-acoustics and vernacular, without these advances the development of the two would not have existed. It is my thought that both these are the two largest developments in 20th century music but credit should also be given to the areas, which made these changes possible. Bibliography Arnold Whittall (2003). Exploring Twentieth-Century Music. New York: Cambridge University press. 21-26. Ben Kettlewell (2001). Electronic Music Pioneers. Vallejo: Course Technology Inc. 54-57, 77-93. Ethan Haimo (2009). Schoenberg’s Transformation of Musical Language. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1-8. Hans-Joachim Braun (2002). Music and Technology in the Twentieth Century. 2nd ed. United States of America: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 47-55. Joan Peyser (1993). Twentieth Century Music The sense behind the sound. New York: Pro Am Music Resources. 21-34, 63-71. Karl H. Worner (1973). Stockhausen life and work. London: Faber and Faber Limited. 118-154. Paul Griffiths (1981). Modern Music The avant garde since 1945. London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd. 13-31, 34-51. 6 Simon Emmerson (2000). Music Electronic Media and culture. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing limited. 36-50, 70-80. Simon Emmerson (1986). The Language of Electroacoustic music. London: The Macmillan Press LTD. 1-30, 61-70. Timothy D. Taylor (2010). Strange Sounds. New York: Routledge. 1-78. David Paul. (1997). Karlheinz Stockhausen. Available: http://www. stockhausen. org/stockhausen%20_by_david_paul. html. Last accessed 1st Nov 2012. Gregory McNamee. 2008). 1948 and the Birth of Rock and Roll Music. Available: http://www. britannica. com/blogs/2008/01/1948-and-the-birth-of-rock-and-rollmusic/. Last accessed 1st Dec 2012. Greg R. (2007). Pop Music Origins/Development?. Available: http://answers. yahoo. com/question/index? qid=20080703134820AA4fsJU. Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Jeff Harder. (/). How synthesizers work. Available: http://electronics. howstuffworks. com/gadgets/audio-music/synthesizer. htm . Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Mike Krzyzaniak. (/). Stockhausens Studies I and II. Available: http://michaelkrzyzaniak. com/Research/Stockhausen_Studie_II/. Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Marshall Brain. (/). How Electric Guitars Work. Available: http://entertainment. howstuffworks. com/electric-guitar1. htm. Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Michael Manion. (/). FROM TAPE LOOPS TO MIDI: KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN’S FORTY YEARS OF ELECTRONIC MUSIC. Available: http://www. stockhausen. org/tape_loops. html. Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Shine music school. (/). The History of Pop Music. Available: http://www. shinemusic. com. u/musicresources/history-of-pop-music. aspx. Last accessed 1st Dec 2012. Synthhead. (2010). Karlheinz Stockhausen’s Electronic Music Tips (For Aphex Twin, Plastikman Others). Available: http://www. synthtopia. com/content/2010/10/15/karlheinz-stockhausenselectronic-music-tips-for-aphex-twin-plastikman-others/. Last accessed 15th Nov 2012. 7 Denis Smalley has suggested that the two most important musical developments in the 20th Century are the do mains of the electro-acoustic and the vernacular. To what extent is his assumption correct? Tom Gersic. (/). Early Electronic Music. Available: http://www. gersic. com/writing. php? id=3. Last accessed 1st Nov 2012. Tim Whitelaw. (2003). Karlheinz Stockhausen Electronic music pioneer. Available: http://www. soundonsound. com/sos/mar08/articles/stockhausen. htm. Last accessed 4th Dec 2012. Wikipedia. (5th Dec 2012). Moog synthesizer. Available: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Moog_synthesizer. 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Free Essays on Recruitment Practice At Hoke County Schools

Hoke County School District is located in a rural area in North Carolina. The district consists in 11 schools. The relatively small district has problems recruiting teachers since other neighbor districts have better location and offer good benefits. The recruitment practice of this district is very successful. The Human Resources Department is working closely with the local administrators to recruit and retain teachers in the area. On this paper, I will discus the recruitment practice of the district, which consists in a combination of incentives for the newly hired professionals. Some of the incentives are signing bonus, reduce mortgage rates and daycare facilities. Moreover, the district holds a job fair once a year to recruit teachers. The job fair is held in April. The participants are very competitive and many principals take advantage of the job fair to sign contracts and fill as many positions as they can for the new school year. Job fair The principals and assistant principals gather a group of teachers from each school to work with them at the annual job fair. Veteran teachers serve as advisors for the administrators while evaluating applications. The principals interview prospective applicants at the site in the event that a highly qualified professional is looking for a position. This is done to avoid that any neighbor district hire the applicant. The goal of the Human Resources Department is to hire certified teachers. The NCLB policy enforces this practice. In previous years, the goal was to have teachers in the classrooms, and they employed Lateral Entry teachers to fill those positions. Today, they are putting effort to recruit fully certified teachers to meet the federal requirements. Incentives Hoke County has in place different incentives to attract teachers and to retain those that are already employed. The first one is signing bonuses, offered to highly qualified and fully certified teachers only. The ... Free Essays on Recruitment Practice At Hoke County Schools Free Essays on Recruitment Practice At Hoke County Schools Hoke County School District is located in a rural area in North Carolina. The district consists in 11 schools. The relatively small district has problems recruiting teachers since other neighbor districts have better location and offer good benefits. The recruitment practice of this district is very successful. The Human Resources Department is working closely with the local administrators to recruit and retain teachers in the area. On this paper, I will discus the recruitment practice of the district, which consists in a combination of incentives for the newly hired professionals. Some of the incentives are signing bonus, reduce mortgage rates and daycare facilities. Moreover, the district holds a job fair once a year to recruit teachers. The job fair is held in April. The participants are very competitive and many principals take advantage of the job fair to sign contracts and fill as many positions as they can for the new school year. Job fair The principals and assistant principals gather a group of teachers from each school to work with them at the annual job fair. Veteran teachers serve as advisors for the administrators while evaluating applications. The principals interview prospective applicants at the site in the event that a highly qualified professional is looking for a position. This is done to avoid that any neighbor district hire the applicant. The goal of the Human Resources Department is to hire certified teachers. The NCLB policy enforces this practice. In previous years, the goal was to have teachers in the classrooms, and they employed Lateral Entry teachers to fill those positions. Today, they are putting effort to recruit fully certified teachers to meet the federal requirements. Incentives Hoke County has in place different incentives to attract teachers and to retain those that are already employed. The first one is signing bonuses, offered to highly qualified and fully certified teachers only. The ...

Introduction to Accounting - AAS1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Introduction to Accounting - AAS1 - Essay Example There is a significant relationship exist between revenue and expense. The company incurs expenses to generate revenue so, the matching principle states that all the expenses that were incurred in a period to generate revenue should be subtracted from the revenue of the same period for the purpose of computation of the net income (Nikolai, et al., 2010). Going Concern Concept Going concern is also a key concept accounting that assumes that the company will continue its operation for a foreseeable future. This important assumption is made because the amount of time, the company will continue its business cannot be predicted (Carl, 2011). IAS 1 states that if the company has serious threats to going concern they must be adequately disclosed in the financial statements and if the management concludes that the entity is not going concern the financial statements should not be prepared on going concern assumption. Business Rates In the previous year the company paid total amount of ?9,600 on account of business rates, in the two equal installments of ?4,800 each. Now if the rates for the bills are higher by 5% in the current year, the total amount of the bill will be ?10,080 (9,600*1.05) making it ?5,040 each installment. First installment has already been paid and the second installment is due in December 2012. The business is liable to pay this amount, so it should be recorded as current liability in the balance sheet and an equal amount of expense shall be recorded in the income statement according to the matching principle. Following journal entry will be required to record this transaction on accrual basis; Description Debit Credit Profit & Loss Account 5,040 Rates payable 5,040 Credit Sales If the credit sales are made, the transaction will be recorded on accrual. The business is entitled to record the sales even if the payment will be relieved next year. In case of credit sale following entry is required. Description Debit Credit Account Receivable XXX Revenu e XXX If 120 days credit is allowed there are certain chances that the business will be able to obtain more revenue. However, this is not good for the business to have that extended credit limits. In this situation it is reasonable to offer discounts to the customers to encourage them to make early payments. With this discount policy the company will be able to generate more business as well as there are chances of quick recovery from the customers. Stock Valuation Stock is one of the most valuable assets of the business. Its value is determined with the guidelines provided by IAS 2 Inventories, which prescribes that the inventories should be measures at lower of cost or net realizable value (NRV) (IASB, 2011). In this case the original value of the stock was ?25,000 and due to the flood there was a major damage to it. Now the company believes that it will be able to obtain only ?8,000 from the same stock items. The value of the inventory should be reduced to ?8,000 and a loss of ?1 7,000 should be charged to profit and loss account. Following journal entry shall record the effect of this incident; Description Debit Credit Profit & Loss Account 17,000 Inventories 17,000 Depreciation Depreciation is a method of allocating cost of the tangible long term asset over its useful life. IAS 16 Property, Plant & Equipments requires that every asset should be depreciated over its useful life, so depreciating every asset is essential in order to meet the requirement of the international accounting standards. IAS 16