Trust versus Mistrust free essay sample

Trust versus Mistrust ( Birth †year and a half) The aftereffect of steady understanding over the long run. In the event that the collaborations newborn children have with others in their condition are sure, the baby will discover that individuals can be trusted. In the event that the associations need mindful and essential needs of a newborn child, the formative emergency is settled in a negative manner. Independence versus Shame and Doubt ( year and a half †3 Years) If a parent can't permit the little child to commit errors it will prompt a negative goals of the formative emergency of learning self-rule. Baby must investigate his/her condition to set up some independenceâ from the guardians. The baby must have the option to make a wreck continuous. Activity versus Guilt ( 3 †6 Years) Children are endeavoring to build up a feeling of activity, that they are administrators on nature. At the point when kids pose inquiries and are addressed earnestly, positive goals of the formative emergency is almost certain. In the event that the child’s endeavors to investigate hir/her inquiries are treated as an annoyance, the youngster may feel remorseful. We will compose a custom paper test on Trust versus Mistrust or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Industry versus Inferiority (6 †12 Years) When the youngster enters school and advances through the rudimentary evaluations, the formative emergency centers around the child’s capacity to win recognitionâ through execution. A rudimentary understudy need liberal consolation and applause for their achievements. These understudies are bound to build up a feeling of industry, an excitement to deliver. Character versus Role Diffusion (Adolescence) The youth’s endeavor to find his/her personality †to recognize those things about himself/herself that are novel. A significant angle is his/her decision of occupation and furthermore his/her rising sexuality. QUESTION ii 1. Sensorimotor Stage (Birth  ±2 Years) Infants acquire information at this phase through physical involvement in the earth. The reflexes that babies use to construct plans are beginning stage for psychological turn of events, and the scholarly changes that accures during this stage are emotional. 2. Preoperations Stage (2 †7 Years) The activities of a kid at this stage depend on figured, the activities don't generally appear to be intelligent from a grown-up point of view. Language develops enormously during this stage. Take 2 indistinguishable articles and inquire as to whether they are as yet the sam or extraordinary. 3. Solid activities Stage ( ±7 †11 Years) This is the primary stage where plans become composed into Operations that can be utilized to reason about the world. Youngsters can now intellectually turn around occasions. Take a bit of dirt and fold it into a long, thin ‘’snake’’. Inquire as to whether there is more earth now or is it a similar sum as the start. The solid operational students will be right. 4. Formal activities Stage (  ±11 Years †Adult) At this stage one can think sensibly. They can verbalize the psychological guidelines they use in taking care of issues. Give students item to use in testing a guideline of material science. QUESTION iii Self-regard A person’s evalutation of his/her self-idea and the sentiments related with that assessment. One can have a high or low confidence. High confidence understudies are happy with themselves. Low confidence understudies are not happy with themselves. Self-idea A person’s depiction of himself/herself as far as jobs, qualities, or attributes. The feeling of being isolated and particular from others and the consciousness of the consistency of oneself. 1. Two understudies who doesn’t know each other meeting one another and afterward remain behind one another mentioning to the class what they have found out about one another. 2. Structuring a self-montage about themselves. Their preferences, despises, places they have been, individuals they appreciate and so on 3. Break the class into gatherings of 4-6 and let everybody in the gathering disclose to Something positive of one of every one of the gathering. 4. Every understudy make a 2 brief business of themselves. The point Is the reason somebody should enlist me. QUESTION iv The explanation one has for acting or carrying on with a certain goal in mind or the general want or readiness of somebody to accomplish something. Extraneous Motivation: 1. Just passing marks get a sticker. Youngsters try sincerely so they can be compensated with a sticker. 2. Winning cash for good conduct, scholastic or social. 3. Understudy will be kept down or doesn’t graduate when they bomb a test. 4. On the off chance that you don’t breeze through an assessment you are not permitted to do extra-surricular exercises. 5. Takeing work in a domain that you don’t like, yet the cash is acceptable. 6. Planning something only for intrigue another person. 7. Individuals anticipate that you should accomplish something. 8. Doning something out of humiliation, disgrace or dread. Inborn Motivation: 1. The quest for knowlede. 2. Having greater obligation. 3. Accomplishing something since you feel great thereafter. 4. Accomplishing something since you appreciate doning it. 5. Doing ventures just to perceive how the data is pertinent to you life. 6. Having a family for its delight. QUESTION v The principal needs are Physiological needs, for example, breathing, food, water, rest. At that point wellbeing needs, security of empoyment, ethical quality, wellbeing. Third is the belongingness and love needs like fellowship, family and warmth. At that point come regard needs, for example, confidence, certainty, accomplishment, regard of others and regard by others. At the most significant level comes self-completion like moraily, imagination, suddenness and critical thinking. Ensure the studens advise the instructor regarding their requirements, for example, if an understudy is experiencing issues with relaxing. Correspondence is significant. Acquire a reasonable, precise and safe calssroom. Evaluating and order plicies must be comprehended. Understudies ought to know about the ramifications for their activities. Gathering practices increments one’s sentiment of belongingness. Have a cheerful and fun class. Pose inquiries that empowers investment and abstains from ambarrasing or singling out understudies. Urge understudies who neglected to consider more enthusiastically. QUESTION vi Is a discouraged state when an individual feels that regardless of what he/she does, it will have no effect on significant life occasions. Understudies who have learned vulnerability direction feel that nothing they do matters. They will in general ascribe disappointments to reasons that are inward and stable. This condition can likewise emerge from instructor mondatel results that are steady and therfore flighty. QUESTION vii Work with indiviuals to change conduct. You can set conduct objectives, decide suitable reinforcers, select techniques for evolving conduct, execute systems and screen results, assess progress and change as fundamental. You should energize rule-following conduct in your study hall by reacting quickly when an understudy defies a guideline. Be steady and be reasonable. Acclaim understudies when they achieve something, and commendation them genuinely.

History Of The American Mafia Essays - Genovese Crime Family

History Of The American Mafia Envision experiencing a daily reality such that wrongdoing dominated. A reality where hoodlums were more impressive than lawmakers, possessed the police, and ran the city in the manner in which they felt. They looted whom they needed and slaughtered when they didnt get their direction. Presently quit envisioning and understand this occurred here in the United States of America during the 1920s. It was controlled by an association made up for the most part of Italians called the Mafia. The word Mafia itself has numerous implications. In Arabic it implies asylum, which alludes to the roots of the Mafia as a general public that fled to the slopes of Italy to maintain a strategic distance from assault. A few Italians hold it as an expression of high regard inferring quality, mental fortitude, nimbleness, briskness, continuance, and knowledge (Brief History 2). This is the reason being an individual from the Mafia is such a respect to its individuals. Another significance of the word alludes to the Mafias starting points as an abbreviation in Italian, Morte Alla Franciese Italia Annela. This makes an interpretation of to Death to French is Italys Cry regarding Italians aversion for the French during their intrusions during the 1800s. The Mafia started in Sicily as a mystery society to join Sicilian locals against attacks by France and Arabs in the late 1800s. These Mafia individuals drove a rebel against the French and Arabs and picked up control after some time. As time advanced, the Mafia controlled the administration, banks, and police movement and went to wrongdoing for benefit. A Mafia-run Sicily flourished until the ascent of Benito Mussolini. As a backer of communism, he started to get serious about Mafia action in Italy (Brief History 2). This constrained a significant number of the conspicuous horde supervisors to escape America where they would flourish for 10 years and a half. As entangled as it may be, the Mafia rotates around one essential rule called Omerta. Omerta is a promise wherein each official individual from the Mafia must be confirmed under. This code expresses that all family-based exercises are over all local family matters in the home, it authorizes quiet, a strike upon another part resembles a strike on the supervisor himself. Disregarding any of these laws is deserving of death with no preliminary or regret (Whizkid01 3). This one worth is the thing that kept Mafia families ground-breaking and prosperous. As the Mafia developed in America, they succeeded off illicit betting and prostitution. It wasnt until 1919 with the sanction of the eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution that the Mafia truly picked up power. The eighteenth amendment restricted the appropriation and assembling of mixed drinks in America (Prohibition 2). In spite of the fact that this correction amounted to only great, it did the specific inverse to America. While legislators saw an improved country with this change, lawbreakers saw green. Americans currently thought drinking as a rush, it was something unlawful that they can do however pull off. It was the surge of pulling off it that made speakeasies so famous. Speakeasies were Mafia-run amusement clubs, comprising of free drinks of the best bootlegged alcohol alongside eating and diversion (Prohibition 5). One of the best Mafia supervisors associated with bootlegging and prostitution was Charles Lucky Luciano. He was conceived in 1897 in Sicily, Italy. At 9 years old he moved to the Lower East Side of New York. In 1920 he started his own prostitution ring in New York. By 1925 he had control of all the prostitution rackets in Manhattan. He moved into bootlegging alongside Meyer Lansky in 1931. That equivalent year, he sorted out a gathering for all the families in New York after the execution of his opponent, Masseria so as to look after harmony. The association of the five families depended on Caesars administering of the Roman Empire, authorizing association and discipline and the code of Omerta. Albeit all the cash he made was illicit, Luciano still announced all duties and kept his desk work clean. Be that as it may, he didn't get away from the anger of the eager Thomas E Dewey, an incredible lead prosecutor. The black market plan was raised on 90 charges of racketeering yet was dis charged sound. Luciano and the US worked an arrangement where Luciano would uncover essential realities

Antidepressant Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment

Antidepressant Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, & Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Signs & Symptoms Coping & Relief Warnings Long-Term Treatment Also called discontinuation syndrome, antidepressant withdrawal is pretty common. Roughly 20% of people who suddenly stop or drastically reduce their dose after regularly taking antidepressants for at least a month experience withdrawal symptoms.?? Some drugs have higher rates of withdrawal than others, but it can happen to anyone and with any type of antidepressant. Overview Antidepressant withdrawal can make you feel edgy and out of sorts. You may feel like you have the flu (sluggish with a headache and nausea), have trouble sleeping and concentrating, and experience anxiety and even thoughts of suicide.?? For some, the symptoms can be very similar to the ones that prompted them to take an antidepressant in the first place. These physical and mental symptoms are caused by the sudden decrease of the brain chemical serotonin in some newer forms of antidepressants, which regulate the levels of serotonin in your brain to boost your mood. So naturally, when you stop taking them these levels take a dive. Other antidepressants work by altering levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, which may also cause discomfort once you stop taking these medications.?? Antidepressants are not considered addictive by doctors, however, it is possible to develop a physical dependence on these medications. In rare cases, those whove reported abuse of antidepressants were motivated by the drugs psychostimulant qualities and effects.?? Signs Symptoms Some of the symptoms that have been reported by people with depression who have stopped taking their antidepressants could include the following:?? Flu-like symptoms, such as dizziness, headache, nausea, weakness, lack of energyDifficulty sleepingAgitation, anxiety, or restlessnessParesthesias or feelings of tingling or pins and needlesTachycardia or increased heart rate??Hypertension or increased blood pressure  SweatingTremors or unintentional trembling or shakingNausea, vomiting, or abdominal crampingMuscle spasmsDifficulty urinating In most cases, withdrawal symptoms are fairly mild in the first one to three days and may intensify on the fourth or fifth day before they subside and may persist for up to three weeks. If youre having a relapse of your depression, however, the symptoms may get worse. The experience of antidepressant withdrawal varies greatly depending on the person, the type of antidepressant, as well as the dosage and length of time the drug had been taken.?? You will likely experience withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking your antidepressants, but can ease some of the discomfort by gradually reducing your medication instead. Coping Relief The best way to cope with antidepressant withdrawal is to prevent it in the first place by making sure to never stop or adjust the dosage of your medication without first talking to your doctor or mental health care professional. Your doctor can help you devise a plan for discontinuing your medication while limiting or avoiding the negative effects of withdrawal.?? Here are a few more ways to prevent or cope with antidepressant withdrawal. Ask Yourself: Why Am I Quitting? This question could be important if you need further treatment during withdrawal, or afterward.  Do you feel you are over your depression? Do you dislike the side effects of the medication? Are you unable to maintain the cost of your medication? These are all very different reasons that have important implications for what your experience of withdrawal could be like. Remember, depression is a serious and potentially life-threatening illness if it is not properly treated. Its important to consider all of your options and work with your healthcare provider to make the best choice for you. Taper Off Slowly Tapering off your antidepressant can help minimize some of the side effects of withdrawal. There’s no one tapering schedule that works for everyoneâ€"and it may change depending on how you respond. In most cases, your doctor will decide how rapidly or slowly you wean off the drug based on the following factors: Your symptomsThe type of antidepressant you’re takingHow long you’ve been taking the medicationYour dosageThe drug’s half-life (how long it takes for half of the medication to leave your body)?? How to Taper Off Your Antidepressant Explore an Alternative There are several different types of antidepressant medication  that work differently in the brain, have different side effects, and may create different withdrawal experiences for the people who take and discontinue them. The types include tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and atypical antidepressants.?? If you dont like how your medication makes you feel, its possible that you have been misdiagnosed. For example, you may have been diagnosed with major depression when you actually have bipolar disorder, which requires a different type of medication).?? Its also possible that your symptoms will respond more positively to a different medication from the one you were originally prescribed. Responses to antidepressants are very individual, so talk to your doctor about how the medication you have been prescribed is affecting you. For example, you may feel better emotionally on antidepressants but dislike the side effects, or you may do better with psychotherapy or lifestyle changes. Or you may be having trouble with your antidepressant due to alcohol use or the use of other psychoactive drugs.?? All of these possibilities are best discussed with a family doctor, psychiatrist, or psychologist, who will help you figure out an alternative treatment plan. Talk to Your Doctor About Medication While antidepressants like Prozac (fluoxetine) have a longer half-life, they may still cause symptoms of withdrawal.?? If you need support in managing your antidepressant withdrawal symptoms, over-the-counter antihistamines or sleep aids can help minimize some of that discomfort. These medications do produce sedative effects, however, and may add to any feelings of sluggishness. Start Moving A lack of energy and depressed mood will likely make exercise the last thing you want to do, but its important to give it a try. Exercise can help keep depression at bay by helping to release feel-good endorphins and provide a positive outlet for stress.?? How Exercise Improves Mood Warnings Although rare, it should be noted that occasionally people have experienced very severe reactions to discontinuing antidepressant medications.?? If you or someone you know has had any of the following symptoms in response to reducing or discontinuing antidepressants, seek medical help immediately. While these extreme reactions can be frightening to the person experiencing them, and to those around them, they are well-recognized medical symptoms that can be treated.?? Delirium: Sudden disorientation in time and place, confusion, restlessness, agitation, and difficulties with working memory (remembering aspects of a current line of thought)Psychosis: Disconnection from reality, particularly involving delusions and/or hallucinationsSuicidal feelings: While many people with depression report occasional or frequent suicidal feelings, its important to seek help immediately if these feelings occur during antidepressant withdrawal. Untreated depression is a major risk factor for suicide. If youre having suicidal thoughts, call your mental healthcare provider or contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255  to talk to a trained counselor. Beyond mild and potentially serious side effects, there are several other dangers that can occur from abruptly stopping your medication. For one, stopping your medication can set you back in your treatment, increasing the time it will take to start feeling like yourself again. Relapse is another danger to consider. Relapse Research shows that anxiety and pain that can occur alongside depression may increase the risk of relapse to depression after discontinuing an antidepressant.?? If you have problems with anxiety or chronic pain, you should be particular careful about discontinuing medication as you may be more likely to relapse. Your antidepressant may also help with your symptoms of anxiety or pain, which may feel worse after you stop taking the medication. Long-Term Treatment Although a diagnosis of depression is by no means a life sentence, its important to consider your long-term well-being when thinking about your medication. Over half of the people who experience depression will experience it again at some point in their lives, often more than once.?? Research looking into what makes relapse likely for adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) shows that antidepressants help during the acute stages of depression, and reduce the chances of relapse, but studies of people who felt better after taking antidepressants have indicated that there are no established, validated markers of individual relapse risk after stopping taking antidepressants.?? Some people even relapse while on antidepressant medication.?? Therefore, it is especially important to work with your doctor to figure out what is the best course of treatment for you. Does Depression Go Away on Its Own With Time? A Word From Verywell Although antidepressants can have troubling side effects and dont always help right away, many people are helped by these medications. An antidepressant isnt a magic pill and it doesnt replace the need for psychological support and therapy, but with patience, you and your doctor may be able the find a medication that relieves your symptoms of depression. Though finding the right medication can often take time, patience, and perseverance, it can vastly improve the quality of life for many people with depression.?? It is important not to try and manage your medication alone. If it isnt working, or you dont like the side effects, dont just quit on your own. You, your doctor, and your support team can work together to keep you safe and comfortable while you figure out the right approach to treatment. Never hesitate to reach our if you feel in despair, and dont try and self-medicate. Help is just a phone call away. Call 911 if you need to.

William Shakespeare s Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark - 884 Words

Every character in a story or play have their own personality and reason for many of their actions. Each character reacts differently to other characters and situations. The writer creates these characters with personality to fulfil their story with drama. The play â€Å"Hamlet, Prince of Denmark† by William Shakespeare consists of many dramatic characters. The main character, Prince Hamlet, is a troubled college student who is mourning the death of his father and disagreeing with the marriage of his Uncle to his mother. Hamlet begins to seek revenge on his Uncle, and new step-father, but his madness begins to show Hamlet’s motives. Analyzing Hamlet’s character by examining his background, actions and motives gives the reader a much broader idea of who Hamlet actually is. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark, who attends college, proving that he is a young adult. His parents, Hamlet and Gertrude, were the King and Queen of Denmark. Hamlet saw that his parents ha d a real love for each other and had always admired that. When his father, King Hamlet, dies Hamlet begins to mourn. He now disapproves of his mother’s marriage to his Uncle, now King Claudius. One night with the help of a friend, Horatio, Hamlet had an encounter with King Hamlet’s ghost. The ghost had informed Hamlet that Claudius killed King Hamlet by pouring poison into his ear as he slept. The ghost can be a symbolization of Claudius’ karma because the secret murder was only known by Claudius and King Hamlet, whoShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark1584 Words   |  7 Pages The drama Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, is a renowned play that was written by William Shakespeare, it portrays love, tragedy, gluttony, and of course vengeance. Hamlet is a character that was perhaps the best dramatic person to be created in such a play. He is, in fact, irresponsible, however careful, polite, yet rude, affectionate, but cruel. People may, in fact, feel that this play is troubling, or maybe overwhelming, on the other hand, William Shakespeare possibly wrote this play over an incidentRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark1740 Words   |  7 Pagescommonalities: violent murders, treachery and revenge. However, while Hamlet, Prince of Denmark portrays these same ideas, it effectively fights against the traditional expectations of a Shakespearean tragedy. The play centers on Hamlet’s attempts to avenge his father’s murder, yet his greatest struggles are against himself. Stemming from his constant desire to plot a perfect revenge, Hamletâ €™s obsessiveness often leads to frustration. Shakespeare uses dramatic irony and lengthy soliloquies to give the readerRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, The Prince Of Denmark985 Words   |  4 Pages William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark has remained to be the most astonishing of William Shakespeare’s tragedies. It is widely known to be considered as a philosophy or drama based play, but moral center is universally acknowledged. The characters in Hamlet persistently struggle with the power of their consciences, as they are tempted to satisfy their innermost desires. Hamlet, The Prince of Denmark, is bestowed upon the strenuous task of taking justice into his hands to avenge hisRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet Prince Of Denmark 1540 Words   |  7 PagesHamlet Prince of Denmark is one of the key plays that gives the audience an insight into human character. William Shakespeare chooses to focus on the influence of people’s emotions on their actions, rather than their rationality. In the play, the melancholic Prince Hamlet, chooses to avenge his murdered father by killing his uncle who marries his mother and assumes the throne. Although the plot is simplistic, it shows how Hamlet undergoes considerable emotional stress before exacting his supposedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Prince Of Denmark901 Words   |  4 Pages In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet: Prince of Denmark, Ophelia is a passive woman. She went through her life just letting whatever happened to her happen. Her father, Polonius, was a controlling father, like most fathers of that time. Her boyfriend, Prince Hamlet, is insane and cruel. With these two men controlling her life more than anyone else it made her rely on both of them being there. Ophelia grew to rely on people telling her what to do. Ophelia’s mental stability deteriorates because HamletRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet, Prince Of Denmark953 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Polonius is shown to be the bumbling counselor to King Claudius. He is considered a high class-citizen although he is below Hamlet and the ki ng. When examined from a Marxist perspective, Polonius is often treated poorly by Hamlet because he is not in the same social rank as the prince; however, Polonius values his position as counselor highly and goes through great measures to assure that he keeps his job because it guarantees him a place in upperRead MorePerfect Idealism In Shakespeares Hamlet1631 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The play Hamlet is a fable of how the ghost of a slain king comes to haunt the living with disastrous consequences. A rancorous ghost and a brother s murder, lead the gloomy setting of Hamlet s Denmark. Hamlet story opens with an encounter between young Hamlet, his dad s ghost as well as the prince of Denmark. The ghost reveals to Hamlet that its murderer was his brother Claudius, who then rapidly wedded his widowed queen, Gertrude. As a result, the ghost presses Hamlet to seek vengeanceRead MoreThe Death Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1427 Words   |  6 Pagestreason, ruthless scheming, and a ghost, Denmark is on the verge of damage. Directly following King Hamlet s death, the widowed Queen, Gertrude, remarried Claudius, the King s brother. Prince Hamlet optically discerns the joining together of his mother and uncle as a hasty and incestuous act (Charles Boyce, 232). He then ascertains that Claudius is responsible for his father s perfidious murder. His father s ghost asks Hamle t to avenge his death and Hamlet concurs. He plans very punctiliously,Read MoreHero Hamlet And His Jumbling Journey1527 Words   |  7 Pages26 February 2015 Hero Hamlet and his Jumbling Journey In the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, Prince Hamlet takes on the typical Archetypal hero s journey but throughout its course he causes the death of multiple characters. Hamlet receives supernatural aid from his deceased father, answers but chooses to delay his call to action, suffers in the belly of the whale, and leaves behind a legacy of truth and justice to restore peace to the kingdom of Denmark. Prince Hamlet arrives home from collegeRead MoreA Tragedy Full Of Revenge995 Words   |  4 Pages6 August 2015 A Tragedy full of Revenge The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, also known as Hamlet, is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare somewhere between 1599 and 1602. Set in the Kingdom of Denmark, the play stages the revenge Prince Hamlet is instructed to enact on his uncle Claudius. Claudius had murdered his own brother King Hamlet and later seized the throne, marrying Hamlet’s widowed mother, Gertrude. Hamlet is Shakespeare s longest play and among the most powerful and influential

Questions On The Research Process Essay - 1184 Words

In addition, (Blakstad, 2008) discusses the â€Å"research process â€Å"and defines it as the step by step procedures of developing one’s research†. Tuner (2009) indicates that the availability of resources requirements is major factors to consider when selecting research questions. Sauro (2013) discussion of the research process provides further details on the factors that contribute to the successful research question selection. In selecting a successful research question, the research must be able to identify the researcher must see the need for this particular study, define the issue, and to find solution or solutions to resolve it. The research should provide a clear picture for the researcher to discover if the research question can be solved. How, What, When and Why are major contributing factors, How- is to analyze how the research will be carried out. When, is the appropriate timing that suits all stakeholders that involved and what the type of study is? The researcher has to be mindful of the topic chosen, it is vital that the topic is of interest; otherwise, the research may become insignificant, inconsistent or even inadequate. Why is it significant to conduct a research as such? Daniel (2015) added that these questions are pertinent, as it acts as an evaluator as to determine if the research question is unclear. The Collection of data is another factor which contributes to the research question it gives light to the question and ask the following question, â€Å"isShow MoreRelatedweek 1 objectives Essay605 Words   |  3 Pagesin business research. 1.4 Describe the business research process. Reading Read Ch. 1 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 2 of Business Research Methods. Read Ch. 3 of Business Research Methods Read Ch. 4 of Business Research Methods. Participation Discussion Questions Participate in class discussion 4 out of 7 days in a week. Respond to weekly discussion questions. Nongraded Activities and Preparation Resource: Business Research Methods Review the â€Å"Bringing Research to Life† sectionsRead MoreDigital Forensic Investigation Methodology For Social Media791 Words   |  4 Pagesdigital forensic methodology which can be adopted when conducting an investigation of social media sites. The proposed method considered different digital devices. According to the Jang and Kwak (2015) the proposed model is efficient in terms of process, digital device classifications, and the evidence collection from the social media and evidence analysis. By using this method into the social media will ensure that the different digital evidence will not be altered or damaged (Jang and Kwak, 2015)Read MoreEvaluating A Good Candidate For Their Organization1467 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization. Interviewers must be knowledgeable in their career and prepare a unique set of predetermined questions that appertain to what the company is looking for in future employees. In a thorough search about structured interviews, also known as a â €Å"standardized† interview, several components and coding words attracted more attention than orders. Structured interviews are also identified in research as â€Å"situational†, â€Å"behavioral†, â€Å"patterned†, â€Å"systematic†, and â€Å"structured situational.† StructuredRead MoreThe Problem Of A Research Problem1385 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Research is usually generated by a question since people are surrounded by unproven beliefs, unresolved problems as well as unanswered questions. Research thus seeks to answer the when, how, and why questions about events. Such question is referred to as the research problem, and serves to guide the researcher on what to solve and the questions to answer. Further, the nature of the problem a researcher wants to tackle influences the form of the research to arrive at a systematic, controlledRead MoreUse of Qualitative and Quantitative Research979 Words   |  4 PagesAll research activities begin with a question. Research, in its most basic form is the process of answering that question, or questions. Academic research, though, is a systematic process of collecting and analyzing information so that it increases the understanding of the phenomenon under study (Holton Burnett, 2005). Regardless of the complexity or nature of the research project, there are at least eight characteristi cs that help define the process: 1) Research originates with a question or aRead MoreWhat Is Scientific Research Process?1380 Words   |  6 PagesScientific Research Process? There were so many researches that had been run, are running and going to run in the future. However, what is a research after all? Research means to search for knowledge, to make a systematic investigation or to establish novel facts (Trochim, 2006). According to Sekaran and Bougie (2010), research is defined as simply the process of finding solutions to a problem after a thorough study and analysis of the situational factors. The definition of research includes anyRead MoreUtilizing Research Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Process and Methodologies Study Guide Andrea Aguilar HCS/465 November 23, 2015 Jeanine Maine Research Process and Methodologies Study Guide This paper will have information in regards to research methodologies, and what style can be effective for research. I will be explaining the steps in the research process. I will summarize the difference between a hypothesis and a research question. I will be explaining the types of research methodologies. Including the types of data collectionRead MoreWhat Is Communication Research Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Is Communication Research Introduction In this paper we will be discussing communication research, its purpose, goals, and its desired outcomes. Positivism is also a topic that will be touched on. After reading this paper you will be able to fully understand what communication research is and why people decide to go into the field. Body What is communication research? We can first take a look at the definition of the words communication and research as an individual. Please note thatRead MoreReflection Paper On The Interview Process1025 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 3- Reflecting on the interview process Reflexivity involves being able to think critically about the self and others research work, with a robust and open curiosity about how we find ourselves situated in events and interprets the behaviour of other people and ourselves (Coles, 1992). This is a reflexive paper of an interview experience of some general people about their knowledge regarding Aboriginal community’s health issue. There is a little research on how general people are aware aboutRead MoreEvaluation Of A Research And Qualitative Research852 Words   |  4 Pagesof a Research Designed Process and how researchers use this process. A research process is an iterative process which is complex, is always back and forth when it comes to a process, this process never ends. This process goes two ways there is a Quantitative research and a Qualitative Research. The first way that I will talk about will be the Quantitative Research. The way that Literature is defined in the research process is as an assessment of a body of research that addresses a research question

Dystopian Short Story- Year 11 Free Essays

He stood looking down, staring. Like every other morning there was a paper crane lying on the ground. He picked it up and looked around hoping to catch the person who put it there, but there was no one else on the street. We will write a custom essay sample on Dystopian Short Story- Year 11 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The paper crane was on his mind all day. The next morning he left early. He planned on waiting for the person who leaves the paper cranes. He hid at the corner of the street, three houses down from where the paper cranes always were. He had been standing then for twenty minutes and so far nothing had happened, so he stood to leave, but he stopped when he saw a girl emerge from the house that the paper cranes were always in front of. The girl looked around, then she lifted her hand and in her hand she held a paper crane. She lightly threw the paper crane and it landed in the exact same spot I find the cranes everyday. She smiled and retreated back into the house. He watched the girl retreat back inside the house, then he walked over and picked up the paper crane. Girl The next morning she got out of bed and got dressed. She went over to her desk and selected a piece of paper with hearts all over it. She was halfway through making a paper crane when she heard music outside. She stood and walked out onto her balcony and looked down over the edge. The boy who took her paper cranes everyday stood on the sidewalk surrounded by all the paper cranes she had made. He was playing a soft melodic song on a guitar. He looked up and smiled. He handed the girl a rose. â€Å"How was it did you like it? † He asked. She smiled at him and replied â€Å"Yes†. The girl started coughing, he frowned â€Å"Are you sick? † She looked down â€Å"Yes just a little.. † she said quietly. She said later that she was so sick she couldn’t go to school for six months. â€Å"I was wondering, why did you leave a paper crane out there every morning? † He asked. â€Å"Because I saw you walking by every morning†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The smiled â€Å"You did that because you missed me, didn’t you? † . He smiled. â€Å"This popularity of mine† he laughed. â€Å"By the way, I’m Max. What’s your name? † . â€Å"Summer† she replied. Summer? That’s so pretty† He grinned â€Å"Hmm†¦Then you sibling’s names would be Spring, Autumn and Winter? † She smiled â€Å"No I’m an only child† He looked thoughtful â€Å"How old are you? † â€Å"Seventeen† she replied. â€Å"What month birthday? â⠂¬  He asked â€Å"June†. â€Å"Since I am an April birthday, I guess that makes you the oldest† He smiled. Sunny began to cough badly. â€Å"Sunny† she continued to cough â€Å"Sunny? † he said again â€Å"Sunny! † Max was worried now â€Å" What’s wrong sunny? † he put his arms on her shoulders. â€Å"Are you okay Sunny? Sunny?! † The doctor walked out into the waiting room, and Max rushed to him. â€Å"What happened? † He asked. †Her condition has gotten worse†¦there’s no more hope† . Summer’s parent, who were seated in the waiting room, got up from their seats. â€Å"What? † Summer’s mother said. The doctor turned to the parents, â€Å"Didn’t I say she should have gotten hospital treatment earlier? † Summer’s father looked sad, â€Å"Our daughter, she wanted to stay home so badly. † Summers mother was crying, â€Å"What are we going to do? What are we going to do about our Summer? The doctor looked at them, â€Å"I think it’s time for you to prepare yourselves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Max grabbed the doctor, â€Å"What does that mean?! † â€Å"There’s no month† He said. Tears rolled down Max’s cheeks, â€Å"Excuse me? Doctor. Save her, pease? Doctor, Doctor! † He fell to the floor and cried. †Å"Please save her he cried, please†. Max walked into the room where sunny lay in a bed within an enclosed glass area, he put his hand against the glass and looked down. Summer opens her eyes, and looks at him, â€Å"I didn’t want to show myself like this†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Max smiled kindly at her, â€Å"There’s nothing wrong with it. You’ll get better soon anyway. They said in about two weeks you’ll be fine. † Max pulled out his ipod, â€Å" I brought this so that you wouldn’t be bored. † He went to enter into the little room, â€Å"You can’t, You can’t come in† Summer said. Max pulled back â€Å" Then†¦what should I do? I really wanted you to hear this song, it’s my favourite lately. â€Å" He looked at Summer’s sad face and thought for a moment, then he put his ipod down, â€Å"Listen carefully it’s called I just want you† Max began to sing †¦ â€Å"There’s something I gotta say to you, but I’m so afraid of what you’ll do. Ooh ooh ooh ooh. I’ll just admit this to you now, that I’m stuck on you like glue somehow. Ooh ooh ooh ooh†¦Ã¢â‚¬  As he sang tears rolled down Summer’s cheeks. And that’s how Max’s love hurt as soon as it started†¦ Max pushed Summer around the hospital garden in a wheelchair, â€Å"Man, it’s already spring. Summer, is there anywhere you want to go visit? † Summer looked sad â€Å"There is, but remember, I can’t go† Max looks down, â€Å"Hey, what do you mean you can’t go? Where is it? Tell me. I’ll bring a private jet and take you wherever you want to go† Summer smiles â€Å"Really? â€Å"Yes, really. So where is it? † â€Å"In my hometown there’s a hill with a tree. It’s the tree my dad planted the day I was born† Max looked down in surprise, â€Å"A tree? † â€Å"Yeah. I want to see how big it’s gotten†¦before I die† Max stopped push ing â€Å"Hey, why would you die?! If you say that one more time, I’m just going to kiss you. † Summer smiles. â€Å"In any case, don’t worry. I promise to take you there† That night, Max wraps a blanket around Summer and they sneak out of the hospital. They get on a bus, and Summer sits with her head against Max and rests. After a while Sunny opens her eyes and without looking up she says â€Å"I want to hear that song†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Max looks down at her â€Å" I just want you† she whispers. â€Å"Really? Hold on. â€Å" Max grabs his ipod and places the headphones in her ears, and presses play. He smiles and slides his hand through her hair†¦ lock of hair comes away with his hand, and he looks at. Max leans his head against the window of the bus†¦and silently cries. Max is carrying Summer on his back as they walk down a tree lined road. â€Å"Aren’t I heavy? † She asks. â€Å"No† he smiles, â€Å"Wow, my Summer is so light. You need to gain some weight. I’m going to feed you chicken, hamburgers, and lots of vegetables† Summer hates vegetables â€Å"I can’t eat vegetables† she says. â€Å"Fine, Then I’ll eat them and get strong, so I can piggy back you every day. † â€Å"What if I get so fat you can’t carry me? † she asks. Max stops â€Å"Hmm†¦then I can get just as fat, and we can roll around together† Summer laughs â€Å"You’re crazy† she stops laughing and begins to cough. She puts a handkerchief against her mouth so she doesn’t cough on Max and when she pulls it away its covered in blood. Max sees it and his eyes widen in shock. How to cite Dystopian Short Story- Year 11, Papers

Protein and Skill Essay Example

Protein and Skill Paper The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5, the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers, and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure, because this is central to understanding subsequent chapters on metabolism, molecular biology, and molecular medicine. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Humans and mice differ because A) their cells have different small organic molecules. B) their cells make different types of large biological molecules. C) their cells make different types of lipids. D) their cells have some differences in the sequence of nucleotides in their nucleic acids. E) their cells make different types of proteins. Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions? A) hydroxyl groups B) carbonyl groups C) carboxyl groups D) either carbonyl or carboxyl groups E) either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 1, 4. 3 Skill: Application/Analysis 3) Which of these molecules is not formed by dehydration reactions? A) fatty acids B) disaccharides C) DNA D) protein E) amylose Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 4) In animal metabolism, most of the monomers released by digestion of food macromolecules are metabolized to provide energy. Only a small portion of these monomers are used for synthesis of new macromolecules. The net result is that A) water is generated by animal metabolism. B) water is consumed by animal metabolism. C) the water consumed is exactly balanced by the water generated, to maintain homeostasis. We will write a custom essay sample on Protein and Skill specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Protein and Skill specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Protein and Skill specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer D) water is consumed during homeostasis, but water is generated during periods of growth. E) water is generated during homeostasis, but water is consumed during periods of growth. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Application/Analysis 5) Which of these classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers? A) lipids B) carbohydrates C) proteins D) nucleic acids E) lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids all consist of only macromolecular polymers Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 6) Which of the following is not a polymer? A) glucose B) starch C) cellulose D) chitin E) DNA Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 7) What is the chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers? A) phosphodiester linkages B) hydrolysis C) dehydration reactions D) ionic bonding of monomers E) the formation of disulfide bridges between monomers Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 8) How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long? A) 12 B) 11 C) 10 D) 9 E) 8 Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension ) Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis? A) Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis reactions break down polymers. B) Dehydration reactions eliminate water from lipid membranes, and hydrolysis makes lipid membranes water permeable. C) Dehydration reactions can occur only after hydrolysis. D) Hydrolysis creates monome rs, and dehydration reactions break down polymers. E) Dehydration reactions ionize water molecules and add hydroxyl groups to polymers; hydrolysis reactions release hydroxyl groups from polymers. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 10) Which of the following polymers contain nitrogen? A) starch B) glycogen C) cellulose D) chitin E) amylopectin Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 11) The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions? A) C18H36O18 B) C18H32O16 C) C6H10O5 D) C18H10O15 E) C3H6O3 Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Application/Analysis 12) The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are the ? orm. Which of the following could amylase break down? A) glycogen B) cellulose C) chitin D) glycogen and chitin only E) glycogen, cellulose, and chitin Answer: A To pic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 13) On food packages, to what does the term insoluble fiber refer? A) cellulose B) polypeptides C) starch D) amylopectin E) chitin Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 14) A molecule with the chemical formula C6H12O6 is probably a A) carbohydrate. B) lipid. C) monosaccharide D) carbohydrate and lipid only. E) carbohydrate and monosaccharide only. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 15) Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined by a glycosidic linkage to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified? A) as a pentose B) as a hexose C) as a monosaccharide D) as a disaccharide E) as a polysaccharide Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 16) All of the following are polysaccharides except A) lactose. B) glycogen. C) chitin. D) cellulose. E) amylopectin. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 17) Which of the following is true of both starch and cellulose? A) They are both polymers of glucose. B) They are cis-trans isomers of each other. C) They can both be digested by humans. D) They are both used for energy storage in plants. E) They are both structural components of the plant cell wall. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 18) Which of the following is true of cellulose? A) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose. B) It is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells. C) It is digestible by bacteria in the human gut. D) It is a major structural component of plant cell walls. E) It is a polymer composed of enantiomers of glucose, it is a storage polysaccharide for energy in plant cells, it is digestible by bacteria in the human gut, and it is a major structural component of plant cell walls. Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 19) Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because A) the monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is galactose. B) humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the ? glycosidic linkages of starch but not the ? glycosidic linkages of cellulose. C) humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the ? glycosidic linkages of starch but not the ? lycosidic linkages of cellulose. D) humans harbor starch-digesting bacteria in the digestive tract. E) the monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is glucose with a nitrogen-containing group. Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 20) Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is not true? A) They are more common in animals than in plants. B) They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. C) They generally solidify at room temperature. D) They contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. E) They are one of several factors that contribute to atherosclerosis. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 21) A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a A) carbohydrate. B) fatty acid. C) protein. D) nucleic acid. E) hydrocarbon. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 22) Which of the following statements is true for the class of biological molecules known as lipids? A) They are insoluble in water. B) They are made from glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate. C) They contain less energy than proteins and carbohydrates. D) They are made by dehydration reactions. E) They contain nitrogen. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 23) The label on a container of margarine lists hydrogenated vegetable oil as the major ingredient. What is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil? A) The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower melting point. B) The hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature. C) The hydrogenated vegetable oil has more kinks in the fatty acid chains. D) The hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids. E) The hydrogenated vegetable oil is less likely to clog arteries. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 4) Which of the following is true regarding saturated fatty acids? A) They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. B) They have double bonds between carbon atoms of the fatty acids. C) They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. D) They are usually liquid at room temperature. E) They are usually produced by plants. Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 25) Large organic molecules are usually assembled by polymerization of a few kinds of simple subunits. Which of the following is an exception to this statement? A) a steroid B) cellulose C) DNA D) an enzyme E) a contractile protein Answer: A Topic: Concepts 5. 1-5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 26) Which modifications of fatty acids will best keep triglycerides solid at warmer temperatures? A) creating cis double bonds to the fatty acids B) adding hydrogens to the fatty acids C) creating trans double bonds to the fatty acids D) adding hydrogens and trans double bonds to the fatty acids E) adding cis double bonds and trans double bonds to the fatty acids Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Application/Analysis 27) Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids? A) They are essential components of cell membranes. B) They are not soluble in water. C) They are made of fatty acids. D) They are hydrophilic compounds. E) They contribute to atherosclerosis. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 28) All of the following contain amino acids except A) hemoglobin. B) cholesterol. C) antibodies. D) enzymes. E) insulin. Answer: B Topic: Concepts 5. 3, 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 29) The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires A) the release of a water molecule. B) the release of a carbon dioxide molecule. C) the addition of a nitrogen atom. D) the addition of a water molecule. E) the release of a nitrous oxide molecule. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 30) There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another? A) different side chains (R groups) attached to a carboxyl carbon B) different side chains (R groups) attached to the amino groups C) different side chains (R groups) attached to an ? carbon D) different structural and optical isomers E) different asymmetric carbons Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 31) The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following? A) removal of a water molecule B) addition of a water molecule C) formation of a glycosidic bond D) formation of a hydrogen bond E) both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 32) Polysaccharides, triacylglycerides, and proteins are similar in that they A) are synthesized from monomers by the process of hydrolysis. B) are synthesized from subunits by dehydration reactions. C) are synthesized as a result of peptide bond formation between monomers. D) are decomposed into their subunits by dehydration reactions. E) all contain nitrogen in their monomer building blocks. Answer: B Topic: Concepts 5. 1-5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 33) Dehydration reactions are used in forming which of the following compounds? A) triacylglycerides B) polysaccharides C) proteins D) triacylglycerides and proteins only E) triacylglycerides, polysaccharides, and proteins Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 1-5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 34) Upon chemical analysis, a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protein? A) 101 B) 100 C) 99 D) 98 E) 97 Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 5) What aspects of protein structure are stabilized or assisted by hydrogen bonds? A) primary structure B) secondary structure C) tertiary structure D) quaternary structure E) secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, but not primary structure Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 36) How many different kinds of polypeptides, each composed of 12 amino acids, could be synthesiz ed using the 20 common amino acids? A) 412 B) 1220 C) 240 D) 20 E) 2012 Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 37) Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein? A) peptide bonds B) hydrogen bonds C) disulfide bonds D) phosphodiester bonds E) peptide bonds, hydrogen bonds, and disulfide bonds Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 38) What maintains the secondary structure of a protein? A) peptide bonds B) hydrogen bonds between the amino group of one peptide bond and the carboxyl group of another peptide bond C) disulfide bonds D) hydrophobic interactions E) hydrogen bonds between the R groups Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 39) Which type of interaction stabilizes the ? helix and the ? leated sheet structures of proteins? A) hydrophobic interactions B) disulfide bonds C) ionic bonds D) hydrogen bonds E) peptide bonds Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 40) Which level of protein structure do the ? helix and the ? pleated sheet represent? A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Sk ill: Knowledge/Comprehension 41) The amino acids of the protein keratin are arranged predominantly in an ? helix. This secondary structure is stabilized by A) covalent bonds. B) peptide bonds. C) ionic bonds. D) polar bonds. E) hydrogen bonds. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 42) The tertiary structure of a protein is the A) bonding together of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds. B) order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain. C) unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide. D) organization of a polypeptide chain into an ? helix or ? pleated sheet. E) overall protein structure resulting from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits. Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 3) What type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains (R groups) functions in maintaining a polypeptides specific three-dimensional shape? A) ionic bond B) hydrophobic interaction C) van der Waals interaction D) disulfide bond E) hydrogen bond Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 44) At which level of protein structure are interactions between the side chains (R groups) most important? A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) all of the above Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 45) The R group or side chain of the amino acid serine is –CH2–OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid leucine is –CH2–CH–(CH3)2. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution? A) Serine would be in the interior, and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. B) Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. C) Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the globular protein. D) Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein. E) Both serine and leucine would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. Skill: Application/Analysis 46) Misfolding of polypeptides is a serious problem in cells. Which of the following diseases are associated with an accumulation of misfolded polypeptides? A) Alzheimers only B) Parkinsons only C) diabetes mellitus only D) Alzheimers and Parkinsons only E) Alzheimers, Parkinsons, and diabetes mellitus Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 47) Changing a single amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids would A) alter the primary structure of the protein, but not its tertiary structure or function. B) cause the tertiary structure of the protein to unfold. C) always alter the biological activity or function of the protein. D) always alter the primary structure of the protein and disrupt its biological activity. E) always alter the primary structure of the protein, sometimes alter the tertiary structure of the protein, and affect its biological activity. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 48) Normal hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two molecules of ? hemoglobin and two molecules of ? hemoglobin. In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibers. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibits A) altered primary structure. B) altered secondary structure. C) altered tertiary structure. D) altered quaternary structure. E) altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure; the secondary and tertiary structures may or may not be altered. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 49) What methods may be used to elucidate the structures of purified proteins? A) X-ray crystallography B) bioinformatics C) analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments D) NMR spectroscopy E) both X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 50) In a normal cellular protein, where would you expect to find a hydrophobic amino acid like valine? A) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water B) on the exterior surface of the protein, interacting with water C) in the transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains D) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water, or in a transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains E) anywhere in the protein, with equal probability Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 51) Which of the following techniques uses the amino acid sequences of polypeptides to predict a proteins three-dimensional structure? A) X-ray crystallography B) bioinformatics C) analysis of amino acid sequence of small fragments D) NMR spectroscopy E) high-speed centrifugation Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 52) If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 35S, which of these molecules will be labeled? A) phospholipids B) nucleic acids C) proteins D) amylose E) both proteins and nucleic acids Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis 3) What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins? A) tertiary protein B) chaperonin C) enzyme protein D) renaturing protein E) denaturing protein Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 54) DNAase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What w ould first happen to DNA molecules treated with DNAase? A) The two strands of the double helix would separate. B) The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars would be broken. C) The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. D) The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. E) All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. Answer: B Topic: Concepts 5. 1, 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 55) Which of the following statements about the 5 end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct? A) The 5 end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. B) The 5 end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. C) The 5 end has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. D) The 5 end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. E) The 5 end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 56) One of the primary functions of RNA molecules is to A) transmit genetic information to offspring. B) function in the synthesis of proteins. C) make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity. D) act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA. E) form the genes of higher organisms. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 57) If 14C-labeled uridine triphosphate is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled? A) phospholipids B) DNA C) RNA D) both DNA and RNA E) proteins Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 58) Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides? A) a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group B) a nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar C) a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar D) a phosphate group and an adenine or uracil E) a pentose sugar and a purine or pyrimidine Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 59) Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the pyrimidine type? A) guanine and adenine B) cytosine and uracil C) thymine and guanine D) ribose and deoxyribose E) adenine and thymine Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 60) Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type? A) cytosine and guanine B) guanine and adenine C) adenine and thymine D) thymine and uracil E) uracil and cytosine Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 61) If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine? A) 10 B) 20 C) 40 D) 80 E) impossible to tell from the information given Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 2) A double-stranded DNA molecule contains a total of 120 purines and 120 pyrimidines. This DNA molecule could be composed of A) 120 adenine and 120 uracil molecules. B) 120 thymine and 120 adenine molecules. C) 120 cytosine and 120 thymine molecules. D) 120 adenine and 120 cytosine molecules. E) 120 guanine and 120 thymine molecules. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 63) The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNA A) is a six-carbon sugar and the sugar in RNA is a five-carbon sugar. B) can form a double-stranded molecule. C) is an aldehyde sugar and the sugar in RNA is a keto sugar. D) is in the ? configuration and the sugar in RNA is in the ? configuration. E) contains one less oxygen atom. Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 2, 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 64) Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA? A) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. B) The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. C) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. D) DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. E) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 65) If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5ATTGCA3, the other complementary strand would have the sequence A) 5TAACGT3. B) 5TGCAAT3. C) 5UAACGU3. D) 3UAACGU5. E) 5UGCAAU3. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 66) What is the structural feature that allows DNA to replicate? A) sugar-phosphate backbone B) complementary pairing of the nitrogenous bases C) disulfide bonding (bridging) of the two helixes D) twisting of the molecule to form an ? helix E) three-component structure of the nucleotides Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 67) A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism A) is more closely related to humans than to frogs. B) is more closely related to frogs than to humans. C) evolved at about the same time as frogs, which is much earlier than primates and mammals. D) is more closely related to humans than to rats. E) is more closely related to frogs than to humans and also evolved at about the same time as frogs, which is much earlier than primates and mammals. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 68) Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis? A) the reaction of two monosaccharides, forming a disaccharide with the release of water B) the synthesis of two amino acids, forming a peptide with the release of water C) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the release of water D) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the consumption of water E) the synthesis of a nucleotide from a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base with the production of a molecule of water Answer: D Topic: Concepts 5. 1-5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 9) If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled? A) phospholipids B) nucleic acids C) proteins D) amylose E) both phospholipids and nucleic acids Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 70) If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 15N, which of these molecules will be labeled? A) fatty acids only B) nucleic acids only C) proteins only D) amy lase only E) both proteins and nucleic acids Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 1) How will brief heating (to 95 °C) affect macromolecular structures in aqueous solution? A) DNA duplexes will unwind and separate. B) Proteins will unfold (denature). C) Starch will hydrolyze into monomeric sugars. D) Proteins will hydrolyze into amino acids. E) DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature). Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 2, 5. 4, 5. 5 Skill: Application/Analysis 72) Which of the following is not a monomer/polymer pairing? A) monosaccharide/polysaccharide B) amino acid/protein C) triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer D) deoxyribonucleotide/DNA E) ribonucleotide/RNA Answer: C Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Art Questions [pic] Figure 5. 1 73) If two molecules of the general type shown in Figure 5. 1 were linked together, carbon-1 of one molecule to carbon-4 of the other, the single molecule that would result would be A) maltose. B) fructose. C) glucose. D) galactose. E) sucrose. Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 74) Which of the following descriptors is true of the molecule shown in Figure 5. 1? A) hexose B) fructose C) glucose D) hexose and fructose only E) hexose and glucose only Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [pic] Figure 5. 2 75) Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecule illustrated in Figure 5. 2? A) It is a saturated fatty acid. B) A diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. C) Molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. D) It is a saturated fatty acid and a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. E) It is a saturated fatty acid, a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis, and molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [pic] Figure 5. 3 76) Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecule illustrated in Figure 5. 3? A) It is a saturated fatty acid. B) A diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. C) Molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. D) It is a saturated fatty acid and a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis. E) It is a saturated fatty acid, a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis, and molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature. Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 77) The molecule shown in Figure 5. 3 is a A) polysaccharide. B) polypeptide. C) saturated fatty acid. D) triacylglycerol. E) unsaturated fatty acid. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [pic] Figure 5. 4 78) What is the structure shown in Figure 5. 4? A) pentose molecule B) fatty acid molecule C) steroid molecule D) oligosaccharide molecule E) phospholipid molecule Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [pic] Figure 5. 5 79) Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 5. ? A) It is a hydrolysis reaction. B) It results in a peptide bond. C) It joins two fatty acids together. D) It is a hydrolysis reaction and it results in a peptide bond. E) It is a hydrolysis reaction, it results in a peptide bond, and it joins two fatty acids together. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Application/Analysis Refer to Figure 5. 6 to answer the following questions. [pi c] Figure 5. 6 80) At which bond would water need to be added to achieve hydrolysis of the peptide, back to its component amino acid? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 1) Which bond is a peptide bond? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 82) Which bond is closest to the amino terminus of the molecule? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension [pic] Figure 5. 7 83) The structure depicted in Figure 5. 7 shows the A) 1-4 linkage of the ? glucose monomers of starch. B) 1-4 linkage of the ? glucose monomers of cellulose. C) double-helical structure of a DNA molecule. D) ? helix secondary structure of a polypeptide. E) ? pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide. Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5. 8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. [pic] Figure 5. 8 84) Which molecule has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties and would be found in plasma membranes? A) 1 B) 5 C) 6 D) 12 E) 14 Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 85) Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide? A) 1, 2, and 11 B) 3, 7, and 8 C) 5, 9, and 10 D) 11, 12, and 13 E) 12, 14, and 15 Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 86) Which of the following molecules contain(s) an aldehyde type of carbonyl functional group? A) 1 B) 4 C) 8 D) 10 E) 1 and 4 Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 87) Which molecule is glycerol? A) 1 B) 6 C) 10 D) 14 E) 15 Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 88) Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid? A) 1 B) 5 C) 6 D) 8 E) 9 Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 89) Which of the following molecules is a purine type of nitrogenous base? A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 12 E) 13 Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 90) Which of the following molecules act as building blocks (monomers) of polypeptides? A) 1, 4, and 6 B) 2, 7, and 8 C) 7, 8, and 13 D) 11, 12, and 13 E) 12, 13, and 15 Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 91) Which of the following molecules is an amino acid with a hydrophobic R group or side chain? A) 3 B) 7 C) 8 D) 12 E) 13 Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 92) Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond as a result of a dehydration reaction? A) 2 and 3 B) 3 and 7 C) 7 and 8 D) 8 and 9 E) 12 and 13 Answer: C Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 93) A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between A) one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10. B) three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10. C) one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9. D) three molecules of 5 and one molecule of 9. E) one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10. Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 94) Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a phosphodiester type of covalent bond? A) 3 and 4 B) 3 and 8 C) 6 and 15 D) 11 and 12 E) 11 and 13 Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 95) Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA? A) 1 B) 4 C) 6 D) 12 E) 13 Answer: D Topic: Concept 5. 5 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 96) Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond? A) 4 B) 6 C) 12 D) 13 E) 15 Answer: E Topic: Concept 5. 2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 97) Which of the following molecules has a functional group that frequently forms covalent bonds that maintain the tertiary structure of a protein? A) 2 B) 3 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9 Answer: A Topic: Concept 5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 98) Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic head region and a hydrophobic tail region? A) 2 B) 5 C) 7 D) 9 E) 11 Answer: B Topic: Concept 5. 3 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 99) Which of the following statements is false? A) Molecules 1 and 4 could be joined together by a glycosidic linkage to form a disaccharide. B) Molecules 9 and 10 could be joined together by ester bonds to form a triacylglycerol. C) Molecules 2 and 7 could be joined together to form a short peptide. D) Molecules 2, 7, and 8 could be joined together to form a short peptide. E) Molecules 14 and 15 could be joined together to form a polypeptide. Answer: E Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 4 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Scenario Questions Use the following information to answer the questions below. Approximately 32 different monomeric carbohydrate subunits are found in various natural polysaccharides. Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids. DNA and RNA are each synthesized from four nucleotides. 100) Among these biological polymers, which has the least structural variety? A) polysaccharides B) proteins C) DNA D) RNA Answer: C Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 101) Which class of biological polymer has the greatest functional variety? A) polysaccharides B) proteins C) DNA D) RNA Answer: B Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation 102) Professor Jamey Marth at the University of California, Santa Barbara, identified 70 molecules that are used to build cellular macromolecules and structures. These include at least 34 saccharides, 8 nucleosides, and 20 amino acids. In theory, then, which class of biological polymer has the greatest information-coding capacity? A) polysaccharides B) proteins C) DNA D) RNA Answer: A Topic: Concepts 5. 2-5. 5 Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation End-of-Chapter Questions The following questions are from the end-of-chapter â€Å"Test Your Understanding† section in Chapter 5 of the textbook. 103) Which of the following categories includes all others in the list? A) monosaccharide B) disaccharide C) starch D) carbohydrate E) polysaccharide Answer: D Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 104) The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the ? form. Which of the following could amylase break down? A) glycogen, starch, and amylopectin B) glycogen and cellulose C) cellulose and chitin D) starch and chitin E) starch, amylopectin, and cellulose Answer: A Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 105) Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true? A) They are more common in animals than in plants. B) They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. C) They generally solidify at room temperature. D) They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. E) They have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. Answer: B Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 106) The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the A) primary level. B) secondary level. C) tertiary level. D) quaternary level. E) All structural levels are equally affected. Answer: A Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 107) Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes? A) The two strands of the double helix would separate. B) The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken. C) The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. D) The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. E) All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. Answer: B Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 108) The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions? A) C60H120O60 B) C6H12O6 C) C60H102O51 D) C60H100O50 E) C60H111O51 Answer: C Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Application/Analysis 109) Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA? A) 5-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-3 with 3-purine-pyrimidine-purine-pyrimidine-5 B) 5-AGCT-3 with 5-TCGA-3 C) 5-GCGC-3 with 5-TATA-3 D) 5-ATGC-3 with 5-GCAT-3 E) All of these pairs are correct. Answer: D Topic: End-of-Chapter Questions Skill: Application/Analysis If you need any writing assistance, please contact us! Ascendnaamba.org, best MBA essay writing service, provides all kinds of academic help.